102 Richard S. Rheins
18. Deut. 23:25-26.
19. For a review of the motivations and methodologies of rabbinic legislation, see Richard Rheins,“Asu Seyag LaTorah: Make a Fence to Protect the Torah, ” W. Jacob and M. Zemer (ed.) Re-examining Progressive Halakhah(Tel Aviv and Pittsburgh , 2002): Jacob Katz , Divine Law in Human Hands: Case Studies in Halakhic Flexibility(Magnes Press, The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , 1998); and, Joel Roth, The Halakhic Process: A Systemic Analysis, Moreshet XIII, JTS , 1986.
20. The tannaim were sages and rabbis whose statements are recorded in the Mishnah , baraithot of the Gemara, and in midrashim that were written before the middle of the 3" century C.E.. The tannaim lived from the time of Hillel and Shammai until the generation after Rabbi Judah HaNasi (the compiler of the Mishnah ), a total of approximately 300 years. This term is used in contrast with amoraim, who are the sages and rabbis in the subsequent period and whose opinions are recorded in the Gemara. See Yitzhak Frank , The Practical Talmudic Dictionary (The Ariel Institute, Jerusalem)., p. 258.
21. M-B:M. 7.2:.7.3,74,7.8.
22. The amoraim were the rabbis and sages whose opinions and rulings were recorded in the Gemara of the Talmud . The amoraim were active from the time of the canonization of the Mishnah to the completion of the Gemara around the end of the ge century. Thus, the amoraim bridged the era of the tannaim sages(see note 20) to the beginning of the era of the geonim, the Babylonian scholars of the 6" to the 10” centuries.
23. B.B.M. 92a 24. MBM. 75.
25. Which might be worth up to 4 dinarim. Thus, the worker may eat four times his wage! A dinar and a zuz are the same amount.