51. David Werner Amram , Jewish Law of Divorce, Philadelphia , 1896, pp. 57ff; Benzion Schereschewsky, Dinei Mishpachah, Jerusalem , 1984, pp. 285 ff.
53. Matthew 22.21; Mark 12.17; the New Testament also contains various statements of loyalty to Caesar(John 19.15; Acts 17.7; 25.8, etc.). The meaning of these statements in their context is not entirely clear.
54. An example of closeness was provided through the citation that Samuel did not order mourning for Jews fighting on the Roman side against the Parthians in their siege of Caesarea as this did not involve the majority of Jews . It simply indicated that he would not mourn for those who allied themselves with the enemy forces (Moed Katan 26a).
55. Walter Jacob ,“The Law of the Land and Jewish Law: Opposition and Concurrence,” Re-Examining Progressive Halakhah, New York , 2002; Leon Landman, Jewish Law in the Diaspora, Philadelphia , 1968; Samuel Shilo, Dina d’Malkhuta Dina, Jerusalem , 1974; Jacob Neusner , A History of the Jews in Babylonia, Il The Early Sassanian Period, Leiden , 1966.
56. Lettter of Sherira Gaon (ed.) N.D. Rabinowich, Jerusalem , 1988.
57. Salo W. Baron , The Jewish Community, Philadelphia , 1945, Vol. 1, pp. 175 ff. 58. Lewin, Baba Kama, p. 99; Harkavy, Teshuvot Hageonim, p. 440
60. Simcha Asaf, Ibid., vol. 2, p. 75.
61. Samuel b. Meir(Rashbam ), Baba Basra 54b; Hayim ben Isaac , Or Zarua 34; Solomon Ibn Adret , Responsa Vol. 6# 149; Shulhan Arukh, Hoshen Mishpat, 369.2. The effect of new coinage issued by the king on a debt previously incurred raised the question of royal prerogative(Solomon ibn Adret , Responsa, 111 34, 40, V 198).
62.Gittin 88b; Harkavy, Teshuvot Hagaonim 278.
63. I. Agus, Teshuvot Baalei Tosfot.