THE SLOW ROAD TO MONOGAMY 24. L. Ginzberg , Eine unbekannie jiidische Sekte(New York , 1922), pp. 24-25. 2S. A. Neubauer, Geschichte des Kardertums(Leipzig, 1866), p. 46. 26. Suk. 27a; Yeb. 15a, b; 44a; Justin Martyr , Dialogue 134, 141; in some instances the second wives were in different cities(Yeb. 37b; Yoma 18b). Earlier, Josephus , Antiquities 18(1, 2). As polygamy was less common in the Land of Israel, it could be grounds for the first wife’s suit for divorce, but not in Babylonia(Yeb. 65a).
J. Starr, The Jews in the Byzantine Empire (Athens, 1939), p. 144.
28. L. Epstein, Jewish Marriage Contract(New York , 1927), p. 272; J. Mann, Texis and Studies(Cincinnati , 1931-38), Vol. 2, p. 177; Goitein , A Mediterranean Society,(Berkley, 1991),
Vol. 3, p. 147.
29. The decree itself was lost long ago, but it was cited by many early sources. M. Giidemann, Geschichte des Erziehungwesens(Vienna, 1888), Vol. 3, pp. 115-119.
30. Z.W. Falk, Jewish Matrimonial Law in the Middle Ages(Oxford, 1966), pp. 1, 24-34.
n
31. Neuman, The Jews of Spain, Vol. 2, pp. 52ff; Solomon ben Aderet , Responsa 1(81 1205); 3(446); 4(180, 257, 280).
33. Shulhan Arukh, Even Haezer 1.10; Caro and Isserles differ; the commentaries cite numerous responsa on each side; Sefer Hassidim 284; Jacob Weil, Responsa 188.
34. Gen. 1.28; 9.1, 7; M. Yeb. 6.6.
36. R. Joel Tam or earlier, according to L. Finkelstein , Jewish Self-Government in the Middle Ages(New York , 1924), Vol. 2, Chap. 2. Shulhan Arukh, Even Haezer 1.10 and commentaries; Otzar Haposkim, Even Haezer 1.10(61).
37. 2 Sam. 3:7, 21:8ff, 5:13; 1 Kings 11:3; 1 Chron. 11:21.
38. L. Epstein,“The Institution of Concubinage among Jews .” Proceedings of the Americal Academy for Jewish Research, New York , Vol. 6, pp. 153ff, deals with the various types of
subsidiary wives in the ancient period.
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