160 Moshe Zemer
tutional and therefore not subject to change; and 2) Sexual orientation is a matter of conscious choice." Learned studies have produced contradictory conclusions that are similar to these above.
A member of the Responsa Committee claimed that“we tend to regard homosexuality as an orientation, as the product of a complex of causational factors which render it, like heterosexuality, a part of one’s psychological makeup rather than the result of a conscious choice on the part of the individual.”"” Yet the same person that made this statement quotes the conclusions of the ad hoc committee“that the scientific community lacks unanimity on this question and that the very definition of sexual orientation depends largely upon the interpretations and constructions which various disciplines and groups place upon that group.” He notes that there is vast scientific literature on the nature and causes of human sexual orientation, but we are not qualified to judge the scientific character of this material.»
Other researchers have completely different conclusions. Widespread psychiatric research has shown that homosexuality is reversible as a matter of personal choice. He bases his conclusions such research.?! These studies may raise questions for those who claim that concessions should be made to homosexuals and lesbians in officiating at religious marriage ceremonies, because they have no choice.
Not a few gays and lesbians claim that homosexuality is their preferred, legitimate lifestyle along with or, perhaps, instead of heterosexuality. This seems to be a matter of free choice. They have chosen a gay or lesbian lifestyle. This seems to fit in with the Rambam ’s view:“Every human being may become... wise or foolish, merciful or cruel; penurious or generous; and so with all other qualities. There is no one that coerces him/her or decrees what he/she is to do, or draws him/her to either of the two ways; but everybody turns to the way which one desires, spontaneously and of one’s own volition.”#
The Struggle Against Discrimination
As we discuss the possibility of a gay rite of marriage, it will be
helpful to study the development of gay rights, both in society at