Reform Responsa- 69
"Techuvot Hagaonim" in Tekufat HaGeonim Vesifrutam, Jerusalem , Mossad HaRav Kook, 1967, p.: 21.
9. A detailed reconstruction of how the Gaonic office worked is Alexander D. Good,"The Exiarchate in the Eastern Caliphate, 637-1258" in Jewish Quarterly Review, New Series, vol. 31, 194041, pp. 149-169. See also Salo Baron , A Social and Religious History of the Jews New York , Columbia , 1957-, vol. V, pp. 5-24. Simha Assaf tries to suggest how questions were received and answers sent in"Ha’im Katvu Hagaonim et Teshuvotehem raq bekalah Beadar?" in Tekufot, pp. 257-260.
10. The decline of the Gaonate is described in Simha Assaf and Joshua Brand ,"Gaon" in Encyclopedia Judaica , VII, 318. See also Jacob Mann , Texts and Studies II, Philadelphia , JPS, 1935, pp. 202f. The rise of local rabbinic centers especially in Spain and North Africa is detailed in Eliyahu Ashtor , The Jews of Moslem Spain , trans. by Aaron Klein and Jenny M. Klein, Philadelphia , 1973, 1, pp. 230-241. For southern Europe and developments, cf. Cecil Roth ,"Introduction", The World History of the Jewish People, XI, Rutgers , 1966, p.6.
11. The intellectual background to this development is presented by Isidore Fishman, The History of Jewish Education in Central Europe , London , Goldstar, 1944, especially pp. 103-109.
12. Noga Hatzedeq Dessau, G. Schlieder, 1818, p. 19. Actually, this volume contains a number of different responsa, including Derekh Haqodesh by ShemTov ben Joseph Chaim ben Samon, Ya’ir Nativ by Jacob Chai Reconati: Kenat Haemet by Aaron Chaim and an essay, Or Nogah, by Eliezer Libermann. Selections from all of these are translated by Alexander Guttmann in The Struggle over Reform in Rabbinic Literature , New York , WUPJ , 1977, pp. 177-208.
13. The text of the ban is reprinted in the