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Richard Rosenthal

15. Midrash Tannaim to Deuteronomy 22: 8; Ibid.

16. Nazir 59a.

17.

Shabbat 94b.

18. Shabbat 94b.

19. Jacob Neusner , The Way of Torah, New York , 1987.

20. 152a.

21. Isaac Aboab, Menorat Hamaor, Jerusalem , 1961, p. 66.

22. Negative Commandments 40 and 41.

23. Mishnah Torah, Avodah Zarah 12: 6.

24. Ibid. 12: 9.

25.

Ibid.12: 10.

26. Sepher Hahinukh( ed. Shevel) Jerusalem , p. 793.

27. Eliezer of Metz, Sefer Yiraim,( Israel Goldblum ed.) Vilna.

28. Rabbi Moses ben Jacob of Cousi, Sefer Mitzvot Gadol Hashalem, vol. 1, Jerusalem , 1993, p. 96.

29. Rabbi Isaac of Corbeil , Sefer Amudai Hagolah, Jerusalem , mitzvah 33.

30. Yoreh Deah 176.

31. Shabbat 149a.

32. Avodah Zarah 29a.

33. Yoreh Deah 172.

34. Tumtum ve- androginot.

35. See the discussion and notes in Steven M. Lowenstein , Two Sources of Jewish Tradition: Official Religion and Popular Religion, Los Angeles , 1984.

36. Minhag is fully discussed by Israel Schepansky, Kuntros Haminhag Beyisrael, appended to volume four of The Takkanot of Israel , New York and Jerusalem , 1974.

37. Orah Hayim 796.

38. Judah Mintz, Responsa, Salonica , 1666,# 15.

39. Cecil Roth , Venice, Philadelphia 1930.

40. See the description in M. Guedemann, Geschichte des Erziehungswesens und der Kultur der Juden in Italien während des Mittelalters, Wien 1884.

41. On sumptuary laws see Israel Schepansky, The Takkanot of Israel( Hebrew ), volume IV, New York and Jerusalem , 1984, p. 480 ff.

42. Abraham Freimann, Seder Kidushin V'nisuin, Jerusalem , 1964, 322 ff.

43. Megilah 7b.

44. Isaiah Horowitz , Shnei Luhot Habrit, Jerusalem , 1975, Part one, p. 87.

45. Yosef Omez, Frankfurt am Main , 1928.

46. Maria Julia Goldwasser," Carnival," The Encyclopedia of Religion, New York and London , 1963, p. 99.

47. Minhagim deK.K. Wormeisa LeRabi Yuspa Shamos,( Benjamin Shelomoh Ham­burger( ed.), Jerusalem , 1988. This custom seems to have lasted through the centuries in Yeshivot . Rabbi Ovadiah Yossef is asked about them and for­bids them. See Yabia Omer, Jerusalem , Part 8:50.

48. Ibid. 100.

49. The Memoirs of Glickel of Hameln , Marvin Lowenthal tr., New York , 1965; See also Solomon Schechter , Studies in Judaism,( Second Series), Philadel­ phia , 1908, p. 136f.